What defines "reasonable suspicion" in a law enforcement context?

"Reasonable suspicion" is defined in a law enforcement context as the facts or circumstances that justify a brief detention of an individual for investigation. This standard is based on specific and articulable facts that lead an officer to believe that a person may be involved in criminal activity, rather than a mere hunch or subjective feeling. It falls below the higher standard of "probable cause," which is required for arrests or search warrants.

For example, if an officer observes someone acting suspiciously in a high-crime area—perhaps looking around excessively or attempting to conceal their identity—these observations can create reasonable suspicion. This allows law enforcement to stop and briefly detain the individual to investigate further without needing to charge them formally. This detention must be limited in scope and duration, typically a short period necessary to confirm or dispel the officer's suspicions.

In contrast, other choices do not accurately reflect the legal standard of reasonable suspicion. A clear belief of guilt is more akin to probable cause, which suggests a necessity of stronger evidence. Public opinion of a person is subjective and not a legal basis for suspicion. Lastly, a formal accusation is a legal step that follows evidence and due process, which is not required at the stage of reasonable suspicion.